{"id":2959,"date":"2021-05-22T18:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-05-22T18:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/?p=2959"},"modified":"2021-05-22T09:09:56","modified_gmt":"2021-05-22T09:09:56","slug":"les-conditions-materielles-des-grandes-decouvertes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/?p=2959","title":{"rendered":"Les conditions mat\u00e9rielles des grandes d\u00e9couvertes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Les grandes d\u00e9couvertes b\u00e9n\u00e9ficient d\u2019innovations techniques qui modifient les conditions de la navigation. C\u2019est gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 ces innovations que Christophe Colomb a pu conqu\u00e9rir la haute mer.<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Doc. 1- L\u2019astrolabe<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>Il permet de se situer par rapport aux astres<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/gallica.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/btv1b55002476g\/f43.image\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/gallica.bnf.fr\/iiif\/ark:\/12148\/btv1b55002476g\/f43\/816.692307692308,7561.364207221351,5438.302982731555,1959.748822605964\/333,120\/0\/native.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/a><figcaption>Gravure de Jacques de Vaulx, \u00ab Les premieres Oeuvres de Jacques de Vaulx Pilote pour le Roy en la Marine Contenantz Plusieurs Reigles Praticques Segrez Et Enseignementz tr\u00e8s necessaires pour bien et seurement naviguer par le monde\u2026 \u2014 En la ville fran\u00e7oise de Gr\u00e2ce, l\u2019an M.D.L.XXXIIII \u00bb, Parchemin. \u2013 31 f. \u2013 420 \u00d7 290 mm. \u2013 Reliure parchemin vert<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Doc. 2- L\u2019arbal\u00e8te.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>Elle sert \u00e0 mesurer les angles<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<a href='https:\/\/gallica.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/btv1b55002476g\/f42.item.zoom#' target='_blank' rel=\"noopener\"><img src='https:\/\/gallica.bnf.fr\/iiif\/ark:\/12148\/btv1b55002476g\/f42\/1194.9146443242487,2682.2425677578835,5212.565170289119,1737.5217234297065\/624,208\/0\/native.jpg'\/><\/a>\n\n\n\n<p>Gravure de Jacques de Vaulx, \u00ab Les premieres Oeuvres de Jacques de Vaulx Pilote pour le Roy en la Marine Contenantz Plusieurs Reigles Praticques Segrez Et Enseignementz tr\u00e8s necessaires pour bien et seurement naviguer par le monde\u2026 \u2014 En la ville fran\u00e7oise de Gr\u00e2ce, l\u2019an M.D.L.XXXIIII \u00bb, Parchemin. \u2013 31 f. \u2013 420 \u00d7 290 mm. \u2013 Reliure parchemin vert<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Doc. 3- La boussole<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>Invent\u00e9e en Chine et transmise \u00e0 l\u2019Occident par les marins arabes d\u00e8s le Xll<sup>e<\/sup> si\u00e8cle, elle indique la direction du Nord.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<a href='https:\/\/gallica.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/btv1b55002476g\/f49.item.zoom' target='_blank' rel=\"noopener\"><img src='https:\/\/gallica.bnf.fr\/iiif\/ark:\/12148\/btv1b55002476g\/f49\/905.0808153368513,4183.8607506119315,5233.320388349512,1241.236245954692\/312,74\/0\/native.jpg'\/><\/a>\n\n\n\n<p>Gravure de Jacques de Vaulx, \u00ab Les premieres Oeuvres de Jacques de Vaulx Pilote pour le Roy en la Marine Contenantz Plusieurs Reigles Praticques Segrez Et Enseignementz tr\u00e8s necessaires pour bien et seurement naviguer par le monde\u2026 \u2014 En la ville fran\u00e7oise de Gr\u00e2ce, l\u2019an M.D.L.XXXIIII \u00bb, Parchemin. \u2013 31 f. \u2013 420 \u00d7 290 mm. \u2013 Reliure parchemin vert<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Doc. 4- La Caravelle<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>La Caravelle est un voilier en bois, un peu fragile mais tr\u00e8s maniable, mis au point par les Portugais au XV<sup>e<\/sup> si\u00e8cle. Son faible tirant d\u2019eau<sup>1<\/sup> en fait un tr\u00e8s bon outil d\u2019exploration car elle peut s\u2019approcher des c\u00f4tes sans risquer de s\u2019\u00e9chouer. Ses deux voiles carr\u00e9es lui permettent de filer par vent arri\u00e8re tandis que sa voile triangulaire permet des man\u0153uvres plus rapides et s\u2019adapte aux changements de direction du vent.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1- Tirant d\u2019eau: profondeur \u00e0 laquelle s\u2019enfonce la coque du navire sous la surface de l\u2019eau<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/a\/a8\/Lisa.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/a\/a8\/Lisa.jpg\" alt=\"Lisa.jpg\"\/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><br><a href=\"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/\">CC BY-SA 3.0<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?curid=89657\">Reconstitution de la Lisa<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Doc. 5- Un portulan<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>Un portulan est une carte nautique guidant les navires de port en port, et donnant des indications sur la route \u00e0 suivre.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/1200px-039_Portulan_de_Guillaume_Brouscon_1548-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2961\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/1200px-039_Portulan_de_Guillaume_Brouscon_1548-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/1200px-039_Portulan_de_Guillaume_Brouscon_1548-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/1200px-039_Portulan_de_Guillaume_Brouscon_1548-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/1200px-039_Portulan_de_Guillaume_Brouscon_1548.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>Portulan de Guillaume Brouscon (1548). Premier \u00ab\u00a0faiseur de cartes\u00a0\u00bb de l\u2019\u00e9cole d\u2019hydrographie du Conquet, Guillaume Brouscon r\u00e9dige un trait\u00e9 de navigation en 1543, un manuel de navigation destin\u00e9 aux pilotes bretons en 1548 et des almanachs donnant une heure de pleine mer et de basse mer pour un port consid\u00e9r\u00e9 par lecture directe sur une rose \u00e0 plusieurs couronnes.<br>Par <a href=\"http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/User:Moreau.henri\">Moreau.henri<\/a> \u2014 Travail personnel, <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\">CC BY-SA 3.0<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?curid=23055981\">Lien<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">QUESTIONS:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Pourquoi la Caravelle favorise-t-elle les exp\u00e9ditions maritimes ?<\/li><li>Quels sont les instruments qui facilitent la navigation ?<\/li><li>A quoi sert un portulan ?<\/li><\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les grandes d\u00e9couvertes b\u00e9n\u00e9ficient d\u2019innovations techniques qui modifient les conditions de la navigation. C\u2019est gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 ces innovations que Christophe Colomb a pu conqu\u00e9rir la haute mer. Doc. 1- L\u2019astrolabe Il permet&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2961,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[165],"tags":[377,694,699,698,700,693],"class_list":["post-2959","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-histoire","tag-5h3l1","tag-decouvertes","tag-navigation","tag-techniques","tag-xve","tag-xvie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2959","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2959"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2959\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2962,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2959\/revisions\/2962"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2961"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2959"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2959"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2959"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}