{"id":2859,"date":"2021-04-23T18:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-04-23T18:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/?p=2859"},"modified":"2021-04-17T16:12:44","modified_gmt":"2021-04-17T16:12:44","slug":"les-espaces-productifs-synthese","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/?p=2859","title":{"rendered":"Les espaces productifs &#8211; Synth\u00e8se"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>1- Les espaces \u00e0 dominante agricole<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u00a0La Beauce<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<div class=\"video-container\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"On vous dit tout sur la culture des c\u00e9r\u00e9ales en r\u00e9gion Centre-Val de Loire\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/aFenBexNpAw?feature=oembed&#038;wmode=opaque\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Traditionnellement appel\u00e9e le \u00ab&nbsp;grenier de la France&nbsp;\u00bb, la Beauce est toujours essentiellement une vaste \u00e9tendue de cultures&nbsp;c\u00e9r\u00e9ali\u00e8res, ol\u00e9agineuses&nbsp;colza&nbsp;et prot\u00e9agineuses, avec \u00e9galement de la&nbsp;betterave sucri\u00e8re&nbsp;et de la&nbsp;pomme de terre. Les exploitations qui font souvent plus de 100 hectares b\u00e9n\u00e9ficient de conditions naturelles avantageuses. Toutefois, cette agriculture, souvent intensive, peut parfois poser des probl\u00e8mes en terme de d\u00e9veloppement durable. En effet, la situation des nappes phr\u00e9atiques et des cours d&rsquo;eau est parfois mise en danger par l&rsquo;irrigation intensive (culture du ma\u00efs notamment) pratiqu\u00e9e par l&rsquo;agriculture beauceronne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">La premi\u00e8re agriculture de l&rsquo;Union europ\u00e9enne<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019agriculture fran\u00e7aise a profit\u00e9 pleinement de la formation de l\u2019Europe. Au prix d\u2019une tr\u00e8s forte modernisation, la France est devenue, en 40 ans, la premi\u00e8re puissance agricole europ\u00e9enne et le second&nbsp;exportateur mondial. Elle poss\u00e8de une industrie agroalimentaire tr\u00e8s d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"612\" height=\"820\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/agri_fra_stat.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2862\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/agri_fra_stat.png 612w, https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/agri_fra_stat-224x300.png 224w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 612px) 100vw, 612px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Une agriculture diversifi\u00e9e et vari\u00e9e<\/span><\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"709\" height=\"905\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/agri_synth.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2861\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/agri_synth.png 709w, https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/agri_synth-235x300.png 235w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 100vw, 709px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>La modernisation forc\u00e9e a entra\u00een\u00e9e le d\u00e9clin de la polyculture au profit de la sp\u00e9cialisation des r\u00e9gions. Le Bassin parisien est consacr\u00e9 \u00e0 la grande culture c\u00e9r\u00e9ali\u00e8re, la Bretagne \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9levage intensif (porc, volaille), le Midi aux productions l\u00e9gumi\u00e8res, fruiti\u00e8res et vinicole, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Vers une agriculture durable?<\/span><\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019agriculture productiviste a ses limites comme le montre les affaires des poulets aux hormones, de la vache folle ou des O.G.M. Des solutions existent cependant: elles misent sur la qualit\u00e9 des produits, le recours \u00e0 &nbsp;des circuits courts entre producteurs et consommateurs, \u00e0 l&rsquo;agriculture biologique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>2- Les espaces \u00e0 dominante industrielle<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>&nbsp;La Cosmetic Valley<\/strong><\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/02\/84070535.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"268\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/02\/84070535-300x268.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-832\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/02\/84070535-300x268.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/02\/84070535-1024x913.png 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/t_3zJek4swI\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">La \u00ab Cosmetic Valley \u00bb est un exemple de territoire innovant implant\u00e9 en partie dans la r\u00e9gion Centre. Sous l<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u2019impulsion d\u2019acteurs priv\u00e9s et publics<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">. <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">S\u2019\u00e9tablissent des liens entre tous les secteurs d\u2019activit\u00e9 \u2013 <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">agriculture, fabrication industrielle, services <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u2013 <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">afin de constituer un espace productif dynamique. Cependant, ce dynamisme <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">ne peut se maintenir qu\u2019en poursuivant une d\u00e9marche d\u2019innovation perp\u00e9tuelle.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Dynamiques des espaces productifs \u00e0 dominante industrielle<\/strong><\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/s112\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/indus.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/s112\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/indus-300x100.jpg\" alt=\"synth\u00e8se industrie\" class=\"wp-image-141\"\/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>3- Les espaces \u00e0 dominante services<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Le Val de Loire&nbsp;<\/span><\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/val-de-loire.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"155\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/val-de-loire-300x155.png\" alt=\"val de loire\" class=\"wp-image-1038\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/val-de-loire-300x155.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/val-de-loire-1024x531.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/val-de-loire.png 1245w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00ab La R\u00e9gion Centre attire les visiteurs notamment gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 ses nombreux ch\u00e2teaux et au Val de Loire, class\u00e9s au patrimoine mondial de l&rsquo;UNESCO. Ses trois parcs naturels r\u00e9gionaux en font aussi une destination \u00ab nature \u00bb\u2026 La r\u00e9gion Centre dispose d&rsquo;une offre touristique vari\u00e9e : plus de 500 ch\u00e2teaux ouverts au public, de nombreux mus\u00e9es et sites, des itin\u00e9raires cyclables\u2026 A cette offre d&rsquo;activit\u00e9s vient s&rsquo;ajouter une capacit\u00e9 d&rsquo;accueil plus dense sur l&rsquo;axe lig\u00e9rien. \u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\"><span style=\"font-size: xx-small;\">Source&nbsp;: INSEE tourisme fiche r\u00e9gionale, 2007<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-size: xx-small;\">1- axe lig\u00e9rien&nbsp;: axe de la Loire<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><b>&nbsp;La mont\u00e9e du tertiaire.<\/b><\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/s112\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/montee-service.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/s112\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/montee-service-300x186.jpg\" alt=\"montee service\" class=\"wp-image-144\"\/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Aujourd\u2019hui, le tertiaire est de loin le premier secteur de l\u2019\u00e9conomie fran\u00e7aise (70% de la population active soit environ 18 millions de personnes). Ce secteur doit son d\u00e9veloppement \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9vation du niveau de vie et des besoins de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9, \u00e0 l\u2019apparition d\u2019activit\u00e9s \u00e9conomiques de plus en plus complexes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/s112\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/diversit\u00e9-services.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/s112\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/diversit\u00e9-services-300x245.jpg\" alt=\"diversit\u00e9 services\" class=\"wp-image-145\"\/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><b>Les services organisent l\u2019espace et le territoire.<\/b><\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Un <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><b>technop\u00f4le<\/b><\/span> est un parc o\u00f9 se concentrent des activit\u00e9s de haute technologie (tertiaires et industrielles).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"western\">Une <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><b>technopole<\/b><\/span> est une ville concentrant beaucoup d\u2019activit\u00e9s de haute technologie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les services sont tr\u00e8s in\u00e9galement r\u00e9partis sur le territoire et se concentrent essentiellement dans les grandes villes (notamment Paris). Se d\u00e9veloppant de plus en plus dans le Sud (technop\u00f4les, tourisme), ils r\u00e9\u00e9quilibrent un peu le territoire. Par contre, dans les campagnes, les services ont tendance \u00e0 dispara\u00eetre (fermetures d\u2019\u00e9cole, de commerces, de bureaux de poste).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/s112\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/service-repartition.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/s112\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/service-repartition-262x300.jpg\" alt=\"service repartition\" class=\"wp-image-146\"\/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Les espaces productifs \u00e0 dominante touristique en France<\/span><\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"778\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/france_tourisme-1024x778.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2863\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/france_tourisme-1024x778.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/france_tourisme-300x228.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/france_tourisme-768x583.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/france_tourisme.png 1090w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>La France est proche de l\u2019Europe du Nord, le principal foyer \u00e9metteur de touristes. Elle profite de ses atouts naturels (littoral, montagne, climat), de la richesse de son patrimoine et de ses nombreux am\u00e9nagements (transports, parcs de loisirs). Elle est la premi\u00e8re destination touristique du monde (70 millions de touristes par an). Les services touristiques repr\u00e9sentent ainsi pr\u00e8s de 10 % du PIB et des emplois de plus en plus nombreux.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/?tag=3g1l2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Plus de documents&#8230;<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1- Les espaces \u00e0 dominante agricole \u00a0La Beauce Traditionnellement appel\u00e9e le \u00ab&nbsp;grenier de la France&nbsp;\u00bb, la Beauce est toujours essentiellement une vaste \u00e9tendue de cultures&nbsp;c\u00e9r\u00e9ali\u00e8res, ol\u00e9agineuses&nbsp;colza&nbsp;et prot\u00e9agineuses, avec \u00e9galement de la&nbsp;betterave sucri\u00e8re&nbsp;et&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2863,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[284],"tags":[356,66,673,152,674,259],"class_list":["post-2859","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-geographie-2","tag-3g1l2","tag-agriculture","tag-espaces","tag-france","tag-productifs","tag-tourisme"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2859","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2859"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2859\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2864,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2859\/revisions\/2864"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2863"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2859"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2859"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2859"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}