{"id":2179,"date":"2018-03-25T13:53:56","date_gmt":"2018-03-25T13:53:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/?p=2179"},"modified":"2022-03-12T14:09:29","modified_gmt":"2022-03-12T14:09:29","slug":"le-bresil-un-geant-agricole","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/?p=2179","title":{"rendered":"Le Br\u00e9sil, un g\u00e9ant agricole"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Probl\u00e9matique: le mod\u00e8le agricole br\u00e9silien permet-il d\u2019assurer de mani\u00e8re durable la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire des Br\u00e9siliens?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Doc. 1- Production agricole et population au Br\u00e9sil<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/bresil_prod_pop.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/bresil_prod_pop.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/a><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/7P11DJq4URo\">Consulter l\u2019aide pour commenter cette courbe en cliquant sur ce lien<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Doc. 2- L\u2019ins\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire au Br\u00e9sil<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/carto\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/bresil_access_alimentation.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/carto\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/bresil_access_alimentation.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Doc. 3- Les deux syst\u00e8mes agricoles br\u00e9silien<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/carto\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/bresil_agri.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/carto\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/bresil_agri.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Doc. 4-La culture du soja<\/strong> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<div class=\"video-container\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"La culture du soja au Br\u00e9sil\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/APkeYi-G7Kw?feature=oembed&#038;wmode=opaque\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Doc. 5- Augmenter la production agricole<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/carto\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/bresil_agri_augment_prod.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/carto\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/bresil_agri_augment_prod.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Doc. 6- Des solutions durables encore limit\u00e9es<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/carto\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/bresil_agri_solution.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/carto\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/bresil_agri_solution.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><br><strong>Doc.7-Les limites de l\u2019agriculture commerciale<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Selon l\u2019Institut national de statistiques, 43% des terres agricoles du pays appartiennent \u00e0 1% des propri\u00e9taires. Ce qui ne va pas sans poser de probl\u00e8mes dans le pays: environ un millier de conflits fonciers ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9nombr\u00e9s de 2008 \u00e0 2012. \u00abLa taille moyenne d\u2019une exploitation familiale est de 18 hectares, contre plus de 300 en moyenne pour les exploitations tourn\u00e9es vers les march\u00e9s\u00bb, pr\u00e9cise le site Terre-net. [\u2026]<br>Le Mouvement des travailleurs ruraux sans terre (MST) pointe r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement les d\u00e9rives de l\u2019agroalimentaire. [\u2026] Ses actions visent \u00e0 permettre \u00e0 des familles pauvres d\u2019obtenir des terres. \u00abLe gouvernement de Dilma Rousseff a poursuivi les efforts entam\u00e9s par son pr\u00e9d\u00e9cesseur (l\u2019ex- pr\u00e9sident Lula, NDLR) pour installer 1,2 million de familles entre 2003 et 2010 sur 48,5 Mha redistribu\u00e9s\u00bb, pr\u00e9cisait d\u00e9but juillet 2014 le site Terre-net.<br>Aujourd\u2019hui, le MST r\u00e9clame une strat\u00e9gie pour assurer la subsistance de ceux qui ont obtenu des terres. [Les] dirigeants du MST [\u2026] accusent le gouvernement de bloquer la r\u00e9forme agraire, dont ils pr\u00f4nent un nouveau mod\u00e8le, plus respectueux de l\u2019environnement. Loin de celui pratiqu\u00e9 par la plupart des grandes exploitations.<br>Une demande que ne renierait pas Wanderlei Pignati. En effet, selon ce toxicologue, chaque Br\u00e9silien avale chaque ann\u00e9e plus de 5,2 litres d\u2019agrotoxiques (engrais et fertilisants chimiques, pesticides, herbicides, fongicides et acaricides), sachant qu\u2019un milliard de litres sont r\u00e9pandus dans ce m\u00eame temps sur des cultures\u2026 principalement g\u00e9n\u00e9tiquement modifi\u00e9es (OGM).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">D\u2019apr\u00e8s Catherine Le Brech \u00ab&nbsp;Br\u00e9sil&nbsp;: les petits paysans oubli\u00e9s des candidats \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sidentielle&nbsp;\u00bb, geopolis.francetvinfo.fr, 3 octobre 2014.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/geopolis.francetvinfo.fr\/bresil-les-petits-paysans-oublies-des-candidats-a-la-presidentielle-43231\">Acc\u00e9der \u00e0 l\u2019article complet<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">QUESTIONS<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Comment ont \u00e9volu\u00e9 la production et la population au Br\u00e9sil depuis 1990?<\/li><li>L\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l\u2019alimentation est-il \u00e9gal au Br\u00e9sil? Justifie ta r\u00e9ponse<\/li><li>Quels sont les deux types d\u2019agricultures pratiqu\u00e9es au Br\u00e9sil?<\/li><li>Quelles sont les solutions propos\u00e9es pour produire davantage?<\/li><li>Quelles sont les cons\u00e9quences sur l\u2019environnement? Sur la qualit\u00e9 des produits alimentaires?<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">VOCABULAIRE:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Agriculture commerciale<\/strong>: agriculture dont la production est destin\u00e9e \u00e0 la vente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Agriculture vivri\u00e8re<\/strong>: agriculture destin\u00e9e \u00e0 nourrir les paysans qui la produisent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Agriculture durable<\/strong>: agriculture soucieuse de ne nuire ni \u00e0 l\u2019environnement ni \u00e0 la sant\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Un front pionnier<\/strong>: Territoire inoccup\u00e9 auparavant mais d\u00e9sormais mis en valeur et exploit\u00e9 par l\u2019Homme. Les fronts\u00a0pionniers\u00a0sont souvent situ\u00e9s en for\u00eat.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Probl\u00e9matique: le mod\u00e8le agricole br\u00e9silien permet-il d\u2019assurer de mani\u00e8re durable la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire des Br\u00e9siliens? Doc. 1- Production agricole et population au Br\u00e9sil Doc. 2- L\u2019ins\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire au Br\u00e9sil Doc. 3- Les&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2180,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[284],"tags":[518,66,517],"class_list":["post-2179","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-geographie-2","tag-5g2l2","tag-agriculture","tag-bresil"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2179","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2179"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2179\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3742,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2179\/revisions\/3742"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2180"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2179"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2179"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgsempai.fr\/atelier\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2179"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}